Controller Area Network (CAN)

Controller Area Network (CAN) is a robust serial communication protocol, standardized as ISO 11898, originally developed by Bosch for the automotive industry. It enables Electronic Control Units (ECUs) to communicate reliably without a host computer. In risk management, CAN is a critical attack surface because it traditionally lacks native security features like encryption or authentication. The ISO/SAE 21434 standard for automotive cybersecurity mandates a systematic Threat Analysis and Risk Assessment (TARA) for CAN communications, requiring manufacturers to implement security controls to protect the vehicle throughout its lifecycle and ensure compliance with regulations like UNECE R155.

Applying CAN security in enterprise risk management follows the ISO/SAE 21434 framework. Step 1: Conduct a Threat Analysis and Risk Assessment (TARA) to identify all ECUs on CAN networks as critical assets and analyze potential attack vectors. Step 2: Implement defense-in-depth security controls, such as an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to monitor for traffic anomalies, a gateway to filter malicious messages, and Secure On-Board Communication (SecOC) for message authentication. Step 3: Establish continuous monitoring and incident response, often through a Vehicle Security Operations Center (V-SOC). This ensures compliance with UNECE R155, improves audit pass rates, and significantly reduces the risk of costly recalls.

Taiwanese enterprises face three key challenges in CAN security implementation. 1) Complex supply chain integration: Ensuring all suppliers comply with ISO/SAE 21434 is difficult. The solution is to enforce a standardized Cybersecurity Interface Agreement for Development (CIAD). 2) Lack of vehicle-level testing capabilities: Many SMEs cannot afford comprehensive Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testbeds. The solution is to collaborate with research institutions and prioritize virtual testing platforms. 3) Transitioning engineering mindset: Shifting from a hardware-centric to a cybersecurity-focused culture is challenging. The solution is to implement mandatory security training and establish a dedicated Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT).

Winners Consulting specializes in CAN networks for Taiwan enterprises, delivering compliant management systems within 90 days. Free consultation: https://winners.com.tw/contact